BACKGROUND:Cellular junctions are crucial for the formation of multicellular organisms, where they anchor cells to each other and/or supportive tissue and enable cell-to-cell communication.Some unicellular organisms, such as the parasitic protist Trypanosoma brucei, also have complex cellular junctions.The flagella connector (FC) is a three-layered

This paper addresses the finite-time adaptive tracking control problem for a class of pure feedback nonlinear systems Vacuum Dust Tube whose nonaffine functions may not be differentiable.By properly modeling the nonaffine function, the design difficulty of the pure feedback structure is overcome without using the median value theorem.In our design

Inborn defects of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes have been known for more than twenty years.Until recently, only recessive mutations were Reversing Camera Accessory described which, although resulted in severe multisystem syndromes, did not predispose to cancer onset.In the last ten years, a causal role in carcinogenesis has been docume

Background.Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited heart disease; it is characterized by left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy that cannot be explained by hemodynamic causes.It is believed that sarcomere dysfunction underlies the pathogenesis of this disease, however, only half of patients with the HCM phenotype have mutations in

In the design of prosthetic hand fingers, achieving human-like movement while meeting anthropomorphic demands such as appearance, size, and lightweight is quite challenging.Human finger movement involves two distinct motion characters during natural reach-and-grasp tasks: consistency in the reaching stage and adaptability in the grasping stage.The